What type of exercise primarily targets the lower body by strengthening the legs?

The squat is a fundamental exercise that primarily targets the lower body, particularly the muscles in the legs. This exercise effectively engages the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles, making it one of the most efficient movements for developing strength and muscle mass in the lower extremities.

When performing a squat, the downward movement requires coordination and stability, which activates various muscle groups in the lower body. As an individual descends into the squat, these muscles are recruited to manage the load, providing both strength and endurance benefits.

In contrast, the other exercises mentioned do not focus predominantly on the lower body. The bench press targets the chest, shoulders, and triceps, the shoulder press focuses on the upper body musculature, and the bicep curl aims specifically at the biceps in the arms. Thus, the squat stands out as the exercise that specifically strengthens and develops the primary muscle groups of the legs.